The lower social classes remained in abject poverty and illiteracy. It is noteworthy that a major portion of the Bengali intellectual community during the British era emerged from this wealthy class of landlords (also known as zamindars), as primarily they belonged to well educated families and got the economic opportunities to receive English education, often from abroad. This created a class of rich landlords in Bengal and a large population of poor peasants. The feudal system flourished to a large extent under the British administration, which served as a means to exploit the Indian peasants by the British colonizers. Historically Feudalism has been widespread in the entire eastern Indian region (including Bengal). As a part of the Bengal Presidency, it also hosted the region's most advanced political and cultural centers during British rule. However, significant socio-economic inequalities existed during this period. Bengal was considered to be the richest part of Islamic medieval India and during the era of the Bengal Sultanate it was described to be a major trading nation in the world, while during Mughal times, having triggered the proto-industrialization, its economy was worth 12% of global GDP. The region has been a historical melting point, blending indigenous traditions with cosmopolitan influences from pan- Indian subcontinental empires.
The Bengali people are its dominant ethnolinguistic group. Bengal has a recorded history of 1,400 years. The culture of Bengal defines the cultural heritage of the Bengali people native to eastern regions of the Indian subcontinent, mainly what is today Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal and Tripura, where the Bengali language is the official and primary language. JSTOR ( October 2016) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message).Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.įind sources: "Culture of Bengal" – news Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. This article needs additional citations for verification.
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